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In term Puritan began to be used in the middle of the century, and it was applied to people characterized by great religious and moral earnestness who wanted a purer church that is a church purified from popish rituals and vestments.

The Puritans were followers of Caluin. They interpreted the material success and prosperity as signal evidence of divine grace: a successful man was certainly predestined for salvation.

In the 17th century the Puritans represented the new way of life: they were manly from the emergin middle class. The old consenative element was represented by the ex feudal landawners who supported the king.

The division between middle class and aristocracy was to culminate in the Curl war which saw, for a short period, the triumph of the Puritans. They imposed a very rigid way of life: no pleasure, no amusement, the theatres were closed and the acting forbidden. Church and state became one and the same power.

Puritans met stern opposition in their country. Because a group of them decided to look for religious freedom and started a new life in another land. The Puritans, who migrated to America in the May Flower, are known as the "Pilgrins Father".