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William IV was succeded by Victoria who reigned for 64 years. This period was the longest reign in the history and was called the "Victorian Age"; a period of imperial expansion and political and costitutional developments. The Queen, in contrast with the other Europeen monarchs, reigned constitutionally. Victoria's reign saw an alternation of great Prime Ministers, some of them belonging to the Tories (now called Conservatories), some to the Whings (now called Liberals). The Liberals proposed to extend the franchise and in 1884 the Third Reform Bill gave the right of vote to all male workers. Victorian Age was also marked by a lot of reforms such as: the Factory Acts, which reguleted and improved the conditions of workers in factories; the Ten Hours' Act, which limited the working hours to ten a day both for men and women; the Mines Act, which prohibited the working of women and children in mines; the Education Acts, which re-organised elementary education; the Public Health Act, which improved health conditions; Emancipation of all religions sects, by which the Catholics were allowed to work in government jobs. The only International war during Victoria's reign was the Crimean War, originated from a dispute between Turkey and Russia. France and England declared war and Russia taking the side of Turkey: the war broke out in 1854 and ended with the defeat of Russia. In 1901 Victoria died, but she had represented all the solid civil and domestic virtues as duty, morality and lave for the family. She was succeded by her son Edward VII. This period saw the Compensation Act, which ensured compensation for workers in case of accidents and the Old Age Pension Law. In 1910 George V of the house of Windsor, come to the thorone.

Social Background

During the Victorian Age  England saw a process of democratisation. The class that benefited most from the changes of time was the middle class. The Victorians were proud of their welfare, of their good manners and of their middle-class values, and tended to ignore the problems which still afflicted England. There was a part of society, the working class, among which misery was still widespread. The new urban conditions had created a lot of health problems. This situation, which saw prosperity and progress on the one hand, and poverty and injustice on the other, is refered who tried to improve living conditions at all levels, including hospitals, schools, and prisons. Under the influence of Queen Victoria herself, the age turned puritanical: sex became a taboo subject and "respectability" become the key word of victorianism. This idea of respnsability distinguished the middle from the lower class. This word was a mixture of both morality and hyppocrisy, severity and conformity to social standards.